I'm not sure this is always true. At a couple local banks, the ATM card carries the Visa logo and doubles as a debit card. I believe you get all the protections of VISA w/r/t fraudulent charges, and you specify a daily limit on charges or cash withdrawals. I think FDIC insurance also applies. Your only obligation is to report an issue as soon as possible.
Perhaps Dodd-Frank or other recent legislation beefed up debit card fraud protection for consumers. If so, it's about time. In the past, there was a clear delineation between credit and debit liability no matter what logo was on the debit card. I don't follow the issue that closely because I see no value in debit cards with interest free money available for up to 60 days using credit cards that additionally offer cash or other rewards. And most importantly, as I wrote before, in matters of consumer fraud, it is always better to owe(credit card) than to be owed(debit card).